Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ware shekarar 2022 a matsayin shekarar Gilashin kasa da kasa.Cooper Hewitt yana bikin bikin tare da jerin sakonni na tsawon shekara guda da aka mayar da hankali kan matsakaicin gilashin da adana kayan tarihi.
Wannan sakon yana mai da hankali kan fasaha daban-daban guda biyu da aka yi amfani da su don samarwa da kayan kwalliyar gilashin kayan ado: yanke tare da gilashin da aka danne.An yi ƙoƙon da gilashin da aka matse, yayin da aka yanke kwanon don ƙirƙirar samansa mai kyalli.Ko da yake duka abubuwan biyu a bayyane suke kuma an ƙawata su sosai, ƙirarsu da farashinsu da sun bambanta sosai.A farkon karni na 19, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri kwanon ƙafa, farashi da fasaha da ake buƙata don kera irin wannan kayan ado na nufin cewa ba shi da araha sosai.ƙwararrun ma'aikatan gilashin sun ƙirƙiro saman geometric ta hanyar yanke gilashin-tsari mai ƙarfi na lokaci.Da farko, wani mai yin gilashin ya busa babur - nau'in gilashin da ba a yi masa ado ba.Sa'an nan kuma an tura guntu zuwa wani mai sana'a wanda ya tsara tsarin da za a yanke a cikin gilashin.An zayyana zanen kafin a ba da guntu ga wani rougher, wanda ya yanke gilashin da karfe ko dutse mai jujjuya ƙafafun da aka lullube tare da abrasive pastes don samar da tsarin da ake so.A ƙarshe, mai goge goge ya gama guntun, yana tabbatar da haske mai haske.
Sabanin haka, ba a yanke gilashin ba amma an danna shi a cikin wani nau'i don ƙirƙirar ƙirar swag da tassel, wanda aka fi sani da Lincoln Drape (tsarin, wanda aka ƙirƙira bayan mutuwar Shugaba Abraham Lincoln, wanda ake zaton ya kori drapery wanda ya ƙawata akwatin akwatin sa. kuma mai ji).An ba da izinin fasahar matsewa a cikin Amurka a cikin 1826 kuma da gaske ta sauya fasalin gilashin.Gilashin da aka matse ana samar da shi ta hanyar zuba narkakkar gilashin a cikin gyaggyarawa sa'an nan kuma amfani da na'ura don turawa, ko danna, kayan cikin tsari.Ana iya gane ɓangarorin da aka yi ta wannan hanya cikin sauƙi ta wurin santsi na ciki na tasoshinsu (tun da ƙuran ya taɓa saman gilashin waje kawai) da alamun sanyi, waɗanda ƙananan ƙugiya ne waɗanda aka ƙirƙira lokacin da gilashin zafi ya danna cikin ƙirar ƙarfe mai sanyi.Don gwadawa da rufe alamomin sanyi a farkon ɓangarorin da aka matse, galibi ana amfani da ƙirar lacy don ƙawata bango.Yayin da wannan dabarar da aka matsa ta girma cikin shahara, masana'antun gilashin sun haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan gilashin don dacewa da buƙatun tsarin.
Ingancin da aka kera gilashin da aka matse ya shafi duka kasuwar kayan gilashin, da kuma nau'ikan abincin da mutane ke cinyewa da kuma yadda aka gabatar da waɗannan abincin.Alal misali, ɗakunan gishiri (kananan jita-jita don ba da gishiri a teburin cin abinci) sun ƙara zama sananne, kamar yadda seleri ya yi.Seleri ya sami daraja sosai a teburin dangin Victorian masu arziki.Kayan gilashin ƙaya sun kasance alamar matsayi, amma gilashin da aka danna ya samar da mafi araha, hanya mai sauƙi don ƙirƙirar gida mai salo don ɗimbin masu amfani.Masana'antar gilashin a Amurka ta sami bunƙasa a cikin ƙarshen karni na 19, wanda ke nuna sabbin masana'antu waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa sosai ga fa'idar samuwa da kuma tarihin kayan aikin gilashin ado.Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran fasahohin samarwa na musamman, gilashin da aka matse yana da matukar son masu tattara gilashin tarihi.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-20-2022